2 tsp freshly ground cardamom (from about 2 tbsp pods)
250 ml whole milk, warm (1 cup)
1 egg
100 g soft unsalted butter (7 tbsp)
Filling: 150 g soft unsalted butter (10 tbsp)
100 g light brown sugar (1/2 cup)
1 tbsp freshly ground cardamom
Glaze: 100 g sugar and 100 ml water, simmered 2 min; pearl sugar to finish
How to make it
Grind the cardamom (5 min): Crack green pods, pick out the black seeds and grind them in a mortar or spice grinder. Pre-ground cardamom has little scent; this is where the bun comes from.
Dough (15 min plus 1 hr): Mix flour, sugar, yeast, salt and cardamom. Add the warm milk and egg and knead 5 minutes, then add the butter a piece at a time and knead 8 to 10 minutes more, until smooth and elastic. Cover and rise until doubled, about 1 hour.
Filling (3 min): Beat the butter, brown sugar and cardamom into a soft paste.
Roll and fold (10 min): Roll the dough to a 40 x 50 cm (16 x 20 in) rectangle. Spread the filling all over. Fold the bottom third up and the top third down, like a letter, then roll it gently back out to about 25 x 40 cm.
Cut and knot (15 min): Cut into 16 strips about 2.5 cm wide. Twist each strip a few times, wrap it twice around two fingers, and tuck the end over the top and through the middle to make a knot. Set on lined trays.
Proof (45 min): Cover and proof until puffy, 30 to 45 minutes. Heat the oven to 200C (400F).
Bake (12 to 14 min): Bake 12 to 14 minutes until golden brown. Brush with the warm syrup straight out of the oven and sprinkle with pearl sugar.
Tips
Don't skip grinding the pods: it's the whole flavor.
Finnish korvapuusti use the same dough: roll up with cinnamon sugar, cut wedges and press each one down in the middle.